Plus Two Political Science Second Terminal Christmas Exam Answer Key 2025

Second Year HSE, March 2025

Answer Key – Political Science

1. P. Mahalanobis Marks – 1
2. Agenda 21 Marks – 1
3. Globalisation is a multi-national dimensional phenomenon. Marks – 1
4. Communist Party of India Marks – 1
5. Mizo National Front Marks – 1
6. V.P Singh Marks – 1
7. b) Punjab and Madras were the two provinces divided on the basis of religion.
   d) The scheme of partition included a plan for transfer of population across the border Marks – 1+1= 2
8. Lal Bahadur Shastri & Indira Gandhi Marks – 1+1 = 2
9. Medha Patkar & Namadeo Dhasal Marks – 1+1= 2
10. a. OEEC (Organisation for European Economic Cooperation) – 1948
    b. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - 1949
    c. ASEAN (Association of South-east Asian Nations) – 1967
    d. EU (European Union) – 1992 Marks – 4 (1+1+1+1)

11. Match the Following

Operation	Year	Description
Operation Desert Storm	1991	First Gulf War
Operation Infinite Reach	1998	Cruise Missile strike against Al-Qaeda in Sudan and Afghanistan
Operation Enduring Freedom	2001	Against those suspected to be behind 9/11 attack
Operation Iraqi Freedom	2003	US invasion of Iraq

12. Formation of Andhra Pradesh (Marks – 3)

• The first agitation demanding the formation of a state on linguistic basis - state for Telugu speaking people.
• Potti Sriramulu – a congress leader & Veteran Gandhian.
• Infinite Fasting – formation of Andhra Pradesh on linguistic basis.
• His death created great unrest in the region.
• Andhra Pradesh – first linguistic state in India.

13. Globalisation (Marks – 3)

• It involves greater trade across the world.
• Formation of Multinational Companies.
• Markets were centralised.
• International Financial Institutions play an important role in determining the economic policies (IMF, WTO & World Bank).

14. Dominance of Congress Party (Marks – 3)

• Inheritance of national Movements.
• Well organised party.
• Charismatic leadership of Nehru.
• The Congress party was a nation-wide political party.
• The opposition parties were not united.

15. Cuban Missile Crisis (Marks – 3)

• Cuba was an ally of the Soviet Union – small island lying near the American Coast.
• Nikita Khrushchev – placed nuclear missiles in Cuba.
• John F Kennedy ordered American warship to intercept any Soviet ships heading to Cuba.
• Any war between these superpowers would affect the entire world.

16. Mandal Commission (Marks – 3)

• Better opportunities for OBCs in education & employment.
• Helped in shaping politics since 1989 in India.
• Get adequate representation in administration & have their due share of political power.

17. Partition of India - Challenges (Marks – 4)

• No single belt of Muslim majority areas.
• All Muslim majority areas were not wanted to be in Pakistan.
• Even in the Muslim majority provinces like Bengal & Punjab, non-muslims were majority.
• Minorities faced severe problems on the sides of the border like forced conversions and marriages.

18. Global North vs Global South on Ecological Issues (Marks – 4)

• Global North: advocates that everyone is equally responsible for ecological conservation.
• Global South: advocates that much of the ecological degradation is the product of industrial development in the North. Since North causes more degradation, they must take more responsibility.

19. Anti-Arrack Movement (Marks – 4)

Reasons

• Under the influence of alcohol many men kept away from work. Their income diminished and debts increased.
• Affected the rural economy.
• Destroyed the peaceful atmosphere of village.
• Collapsed the family relationship and family budget.

Creation of Social Awareness

• The campaign increased social awareness about Women's problems such as domestic violence, dowry system, sexual abuse etc.
• Openly discussed the issues of injustice and gender inequalities.
• Played a vital role in making awareness of women's rights.

20. Presidential Election 1969 and Congress Split (Marks – 4)

• Conflict between Indira & Syndicate.
• Presidential Election in 1969.
• Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy – the official candidate of congress.
• V.V Giri – an independent candidate.
• Issued Whip to MLAs & MPs to vote for the official candidate.
• Indira Gandhi openly called for "Conscience Vote".
• VV Giri won the election.
• Caused party split into Congress O & Congress R.

21. India-Pakistan Conflicts (Marks – 4)

• Claim of Pakistan over Kashmir valley.
• Pakistan sponsored invasion of the state in 1947.
• One third portion of Kashmir is under the control of Pakistan – Azad Kashmir.
• Disagreement over the demarcation line in Sir Creek in the Rann of Kutch.
• The involvement of ISI.

22. Green Revolution (Marks – 5)

• Green Revolution means to ensure food security.
• Helped a lot for agricultural development and food grain production.
• Provided high yielding variety seeds, fertilizers, pesticides etc., at subsidy rate.

Merits

• Rice production and wheat production enhanced.
• Sugar and wheat became main crops.

Demerits

• Major beneficiaries were the rich peasants and large land holders.
• Increased the gap between poor peasants and large land holders.

23. Non-Traditional Threats to Security (Marks – 5)

Terrorism

• It is a political violence that targets civilians deliberately and indiscriminately.
• Create hatred and resentment against the government.
• Terrorist groups seek to change a political context or conditions that they do not like by force.

Epidemics

• Health epidemics like AIDS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Bird Flu, Ebola Virus etc. make a serious security challenge.
• It is mainly spread through migration, Business, Tourism and Military Operations.

24. Rise of China (Marks – 5)

Strength of China

• Regional Location.
• Rapid population growth.
• Excess of natural resources.
• Economical stability.

Revolutionary changes in Economic Policy

1. Four modernisations.
2. Open Door Policy.

25. Regional Aspirations (Marks – 5)

• Regional aspirations are very much a part of democratic politics.
• The best way to respond to regional aspirations is through democratic negotiations rather than through suppression.
• Significance of power sharing.
• Regional imbalance in economic development contributes to the feeling of regional discrimination.
• Our Constitution satisfies regional aspirations and discourages separatism.

26. India's Role in International Organizations (Marks – 5)

• India – the most populous country.
• The largest democratic country.
• Active role in UN Peace Building Mission.
• One of the fast developing countries.
• Regular financial contributor to UN.

27. Sino-Indian War 1962 (Marks – 8)

Causes

1. Tibetan Issue.
2. Boundary Disputes.

Consequences

• Dented India's and Nehru's image.
• Induced the sense of national humiliation and at the same time strengthened the spirit of nationalism.
• Many army commanders either resigned or retired.
• No-confidence motion against Nehru's government.
• The congress lost seats in the by-election to the Lok Sabha.
• Growing rift between China & USSR made a split in CPI in 1964.

28. Disintegration of USSR (Marks – 8)

• Internal weaknesses of Soviet Political Institutions.
• Internal weaknesses of Soviet Economic Institutions.
• Rise of Nationalism.
• Gorbachev & Reforms.

1. Perestroika – openness and transparency in government institutions.
2. Glasnost – restructuring of economic system.

29. Declaration of National Emergency 1975 (Marks – 8)

• Economic Context.
• Gujarat & Bihar Movements.
• Conflict with Judiciary.
• Verdict of Allahabad High Court.

HSE Political Science Answer Key - March 2025